DNA Evidence in Pakistan:

According to Advocates in Pakistan and lawyers in Lahore from our law firm in Pakistan we can assist you with the concept of DNA evidence in Pakistan. DNA Utilization and value Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is a genetic substance that is found in all human beings and other animals. The majority of cells within a human body have the same DNA. This implies that the DNA could be traced back to an individual. Although DNA evidence is not conclusive to be used in criminal trial when it comes to investigations, the collection of DNA evidence in Pakistan can help in profiling or even identifying those that are involved in an incident as well as victims and perpetrators.

Determined the Identity:

As per Advocates in Pakistan and lawyers in Lahore DNA can be linked to relatives to determine the identity of those involved. This can be done by the comparison of a vile of blood or hair strand or even the saliva of the family member. DNA can be utilized to identify criminals in two methods: 1. In the event that the suspect has been identified a piece of their DNA may be compared to the evidence at the scene of the crime. The outcomes of this comparison can help determine whether the suspect was responsible for the crime. If the suspect hasn’t been identified, the evidence at the scene of the crime can be analyzed and compared with the profiles of offenders from DNA databases to determine those responsible for the crime.

DNA Sample:

As per Advocates in Pakistan and lawyers in Lahore the DNA sample can be obtained from the following types of samples including blood Hair Earwax or Mucus Faraday Shield an enclosure that blocks electromagnetic fields. A Faraday shield may be formed by a continuous covering of conductive material or in the case of a Faraday cage, by a mesh of such materials as Sweat Vomit, urine and feces Fingernails Saliva Pieces of tissue/skin Semen Additionally, these samples can be extracted directly from living persons, dead bodies or from stains (blood, saliva, etc.) on clothing, weapons, etc. Factors relating to the collection of DNA evidence in Pakistan.

DNA Analysis:

Time DNA analysis and sampling should be carried out quickly and without undue delay. In Ghulam Mustafa vs. State the medical examiner through a law firm in Pakistan, who performed an autopsy on the body, took and handed over bodies to the police. This evidence was supposed to be delivered for the Chemical Examiner but the police released it an entire year, leading to delays and casting doubt on the credibility and authenticity of the evidence. The issue here isn’t that DNA is prone to deterioration (DNA evidence is able to last for an extremely long time, if adequate preservation measures are taken to protect it.) The rule above is intended to ensure that there are no delays not occur between the transfers of evidence. This could lead to tampering, and make it more difficult to establish a correct chain of custody.

How to Handle the DNA Evidence in Pakistan?

According to the Advocates in Pakistan and lawyers in Lahore, the utmost care should be used when handling DNA evidence in Pakistan. Every sample must be handled separately and stored in a specific environment to prevent contamination. Referred Agency R.25.41 of Police Rules 1934 states that the officers of the Police are required to provide the collected samples by their IO for analysis to the Chemical Examiner through law firm in Pakistan.

Police Rules:

R.25.41 of the Police Rules also specifies detailed instructions related to the collection that the authorized officer is required to follow: SAMPLE MATERIALS NEEDED COLLECTION/PRECAUTIONS Bodily fluids * Wide-mouthed bottles * Glazed jars * Stoppers/Corks * Boxes * Samples should be placed in bottles or jars * Stoppers should be placed on the jars and should be tied down with a leather cloth and must be checked for leaks * Knots of the cord must be sealed with the name seal of the officer making the investigation Stains * Cotton or wool * Wooden boxes * Surfaces with stains must be dried before packaging Blood stained Weapons, articles or Cloth * Boxes * Scissors * HD Camera * Evidence should be marked with seals * And then sealed into parcels * If the surface is too large to pack in its entirety, the blood stain portion of it must be cut out with scissors and sent for analysis. All stains should be documented through High Definition photography Sharp Weapons Boxes Sharp weapons must be packed in boxes, instead of cloth to ensure that weapons cannot penetrate the container to ensure that no weapons can penetrate packaging i.e. clay or earth Clods must be packed in wool, then placed in boxes Organs. Clean glass containers, bottles, and stoppers should be stored in wide-mouthed containers and be able to fit into Stoppers so that the contents don’t readily break down.

Storage Containers:

As per the Advocates in Pakistan and lawyers in Lahore or law firm in Pakistan items that are susceptible to decomposition Storage containers (jars/bottles) Materials which decompose quickly rate should be completely submerged within the preservation agent. The preservative with DNA evidence in Pakistan could be rectified spirit (in the event the poisoning) as well as a salt-based solution. salt solution 1 tablespoon salt, and four pints clean, fresh water. On every container or packaging, the label needs to be placed with an explanation of the contents. Additional information might include the following information: the date and time of the SS. The name of the victim (if relevant). SS Location. SS Collector’s name. SS FIR No. SS Police Station Name. Description of item. SS Item number. The jars must be put in boxes that have packaging material in order to avoid breaking. The boxes should cover them with Garha cloth then sewed and sealed. The label must also include a seal, similar to the one used for the fixing of the container. Seals must be identical and the wax must be the same type.